(Image credit: Mark Wright/University of Hawaii Mānoa) Next generation They're considered an extremely intelligent species, and have been observed showing advanced problem-solving skills and demonstrating empathy, mourning and self-awareness, according to an article in Scientific American.Īfrican elephants ( Loxodonta africana) at a waterhole in the Greater Kruger National Park in South Africa. For example, they use their trunks to greet one another, either by holding it out high or by inserting the end of their trunk into another elephant's mouth.Įlephants also pay close attention to the well-being of all the members of their herd, and will do what they can to take care of and protect weak or injured members. The matriarch is also responsible for teaching the younger members of her family how to socialize with other elephants.Įlephants are very social and can communicate with one another and identify other elephants from distances of up to 2 miles using rumbling, low-pitched sounds that fall below the audible range of humans, according to the National Zoo.Įlephants readily show good manners to members within its herd and other herds, according to the San Diego Zoo. The matriarch relies on her experience and memory to recall where the best spots for food, water are, and where to find protection from the elements. When the family gets too large, herds often split into smaller groups that stay within the same area. Herds are composed of primarily female family members and young calves, according to the San Diego Zoo, and include 6 to 20 members depending on the food supply. Groups of elephants, or herds, follow a matriarchal structure with the eldest female in charge. (Image credit: Shutterstock) Elephant life (75 to 150 kg) of food per day, according to the San Diego Zoo.Īn African elephant with an impressive set of tusks. They spend about about 16 hours eating, consuming anywhere from 165 to 330 lbs. īoth species eat all types of vegetation, including a variety of grasses, fruits, leaves, bark and roots. Their dominant tusk is easy to identify, because it will be more worn down than the less dominant tusk, according to the World Wildlife Fund. In the same way that humans tend to be right-handed or left-handed, elephants can be right-tusked or left-tusked. Tusks are large, deeply rooted teeth that evolved to assist the elephant in digging, lifting, gathering food, and defense while also protecting the trunk, according to World Wildlife Fund. But typically, only male Asian elephants will grow large tusks, while the females and a few males have much smaller tusks called tushes that don't always grow outside the mouth. Asian elephants have a single "finger" on the end of their trucks. " IUCN Red List Of Threatened Species: Nanger Dama." IUCN Red List Of Threatened Species, 2020.The ears of African elephant are larger and resemble the shape of the African continent, while Asian elephants have smaller, rounder ears, according to the San Diego Zoo.īoth male and female African elephants have large tusks and two "fingers" on the end of their trunks to help them pick items up. " Flight Behaviour And Avoidance Of Predators In Thomson's Gazelle (Gazella Thomsoni Guenther 1884)." Behaviour, vol 34, no. " The Social Organisation Of Antelope In Relation To Their Ecology." Behaviour, vol 48, no. Masterpieces of Urdu Ghazal from the 17th to 20th Century. " Genre Overview - Ghazal." Columbia University. " Physiological Adjustments Of Sand Gazelles (Gazella Subgutturosa) To A Boom‐Or‐Bust Economy: Standard Fasting Metabolic Rate, Total Evaporative Water Loss, And Changes In The Sizes Of Organs During Food And Water Restriction." Physiological And Biochemical Zoology, vol 79, no. " The Functions Of Stotting In Thomson's Gazelles: Some Tests Of The Predictions." Animal Behaviour, vol 34, no. Springer Science And Business Media LLC, doi:10.1007/bf00299889Ĭaro, T.M. " Stotting In Thomson's Gazelles: An Honest Signal Of Condition." Behavioral Ecology And Sociobiology, vol 23, no. " Eudorcas thomsonii: Thomson's gazelle." Animal Diversity Web.įitzGibbon, C.
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